Researchers at the University of Colorado School of Medicine may answer why some women become anorexic and others obese.

They found that reward circuits in the brain are sensitized in anorexic women and desensitized in obese women.

The findings also suggest that eating behavior is related to brain dopamine pathways involved in addictions.

Guido Frank, MD, assistant professor director of the Developmental Brain Research Program at the CU School of Medicine and his colleagues used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to examine brain activity in 63 women who were either anorexic or obese.

Scientists compared them to women considered "normal" weight. The participants were visually conditioned to associate certain shapes with either a sweet or a non-sweet solution and then received the taste solutions expectedly or unexpectedly. This task has been associated with brain dopamine function in the past.

They found that during these fMRI sessions, an unexpected sweet-tasting solution resulted in increased neural activation of reward systems in the anorexic patients and diminished activation in obese individuals. In rodents, food restriction and weight loss have been associated with greater dopamine-related reward responses in the brain.

"It is clear that in humans the brain's reward system helps to regulate food intake. The specific role of these networks in eating disorders such as anorexia nervosa and, conversely, obesity, remains unclear," said Frank.

Scientists agree that more research is needed in this area.

The study was published in Neuropsychopharmacology. (ANI)